OPEN ACCESS
PEER-REVIEWED |
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Pengaruh berbagai pemacu pertumbuhan pada pakan terhadap kelangsungan hidup mikroflora saluran pencernaan ikan mas, Cyprinus carpio L. [Effect of several growth promoters to intestinal microflora survival of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.]
Article Sidebar
How to Cite
The article can trace at:
Main Article Content
Abstract
The research had determined the effect of antimicrobial growth promoter and prebiotics to intestinal microflora population of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The experiment was used completely randomized design, the treatment were several mixing pellet contains antibiotic and prebiotics. There were six treatments in this research; T0: control, T1: streptomicyne (S200), T2: tetracycline (T200), T3: amphicyline (A200), T4: commercial prebiotic, and T5: 2% MOS. Each treatment were replicated three times. The treatments were observed in two ways in vitro and in vivo. Tripticase Soy Broth (TSB) which already contains treatments was used as media to culture the microflora (in vitro). Feed treatments were given to common carp size 15-25 g for 8 days (in vivo). Both in vitro and in vivo microflora assessments use two different media TSA (Tripticase Soy Agar) and MRSA. The in vitro showed that tetracycline 200 ppm (T200) highly significant (P<0.05) decreased microflora population. Death microflora percentage in vitro showed tetracycline 200 significantly (P<0.05) destroyed 99.8% (P<0.05). Therefore, commercial prebiotic 2% and MOS 2% gave the best performance in increasing microflora population significantly (P<0.05) both in TSA and MRSA media. The in vivo also showed that tetracycline 200 (T200) highly significant (P<0.05) decreased microflora population of intestine. The best growth of microflora intestine profile was shown by commercial prebiotic 2% and MOS 2% (P<0.05). This research prove that prebiotic is better and saver than antibiotic to be apply in aquaculture.
Abstrak
Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat efek zat pemacu pertumbuhan yang bersifat antimikroba dan prebiotik terhadap po-pulasi mikroflora saluran pencernaan ikan mas. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), perlakuan merupakan pelet yang telah dicampur dengan beberapa antibiotik dan prebiotik. Terdapat enam perlakuan dalam penelitian ini; T0: kontrol, T1: streptomisin (S200), T2: tetrasiklin (T200), T3: amfisilin (A200), T4: prebiotik komersial, dan T5: 2% MOS, masing-masing terdapat tiga ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu, in vitro dan in vivo. Media yang digunakan untuk memperbanyak mikroflora (in vitro) adalah Tripticase Soy Broth (TSB) yang telah terdapat perlakuan di dalamnya. Pakan uji diberikan pada ikan mas ukuran 15-25 g selama delapan hari (in vivo). Pengamatan pertumbuhan mikroflora secara in vitro dan in vivo, menggunakan dua media yang berbeda Tripticase Soy Agar (TSA) dan the Man Rogossa Sharp Agar (MRSA). Hasil penelitian secara in vitro menunjukkan bahwa antibiotik tetrasiklin 200 ppm (T200) secara nyata (P<0,05) menurunkan populasi mikroflora saluran pencernaan. Persentase kematian mikroflora secara in vitro memperlihatkan antibiotik tetrasiklin 200 ppm (T200) dapat mematikan mikroflora hingga 99,8% (P<0,05). Prebiotik komersial 2% dan MOS 2% memberikan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan populasi mikroflora saluran pencernaan (P<0,05) baik pada media TSA atau MRSA. Hasil pengamatan secara in vivo juga menunjukkan bahwa antibiotik tetrasiklin 200 ppm (T200) secara nyata menurunkan populasi mikroflora saluran pencernaan. Pertumbuhan mikroflora saluran pencernaan secara in vivo yang terbaik ditun-jukkan oleh perlakuan yang mengandung prebiotik komersial 2% dan MOS 2% (P<0,05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan prebiotik lebih baik dan aman dibandingkan antibiotik untuk diterapkan dalam budi daya perairan.
Downloads article
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2017 Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia |
|
|
References
Akinbowale, Peng OLH, Barton MD. 2007. Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from aquaculture source in Australia. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 100:11021113.
Aslamiyah S. 2006. Penggunaan mikroflora saluran pencernaan sebagai probiotik untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos Forskall). Disertasi. Sekolah Pascasarjana IPB, Bogor. 255 p.
Das T. 1991. Studies on the digestive enzyme enzymes of grass crap. Aquaculture, 92:1112.
Dietze JE, Scribner EA, Meyer MT. 2005. Occurence of antibiotics in water from 13 fish hatcheries, 2001-2003. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 85(15):1141-1152.
Gatlin III DM, Li P, Wang X, Burr GS, Castille F, Lawrence AL. 2006. Potential application of prebiotic in aquaculture. In: Suarez LEC, Marie DR, Salazar MT, Lopez MGN, Cavazos DAV, Cruz ACP, Ortega AG (eds.). Avances en Nutricion Acuicola VIII. Proceedings of VIII Simposium Internacional de Nutricion Acuicola. Mexico. 15-17 November 2006. pp. 371-376.
Gatesoupe FJ. 2005. Probiotic and prebiotic for fish culture, at the parting of the ways. Aqua Feeds: Formulation and Beyond, 2(3):3-5.
Gibson GR, Robert HM, Loo JV, Rastall RA, Roberfroid MB. 2004. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: updating the concept of prebiotics. Nutrition Research Reviews, 17:259-275.
Horinek A. 2009. Antibiotic resistance to oxytet-racycline HCL in Kansas department of wildlife fish hatchery of Pratt, KS. Cantaurus, 17:61-63.
Hoshino T, Ishizaki K, Sakamoto T, Kumeta YI, Matsuyama H, Ohgiya S. 1997. Isolated of Pseudomonas sp. of fish intestine excretion an active protease at low temperature. Lett. Applied Microbiology, 25:70-72.
Hui-yuan LV, Zhi-gang Z, Rudeaux F, Respondek F. 2007. Effect of dietary short chain fructooligosaccarides on intestinal microflora, mortality and growth performance of Oreochromis aereusS x O. niloticus$. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 19(6): 16.
Hungate R. 1966. The rumen and its microbe. Academic Press, New York. 533 p.
Macfarlane GT, Steed H, Macfarlane S. 2008. Bacterial metabolism and health related effects of galactooligosaccharides and other prebiotics. Journal Appl. Microbiology, 104(2):305-344.
Mazurkiewicz J, Przybyl A, Golski J. 2008. Usability of fermacto prebiotic in feeds for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fry. Na-uka Przyr. Technol., 2(3):1-9.
Nakayama A, Yano Y, Yoshida K. 1994. New method for isolating Barophlies from intestinal content of deep sea fishes retrieved from the abyssal zone. Appl. and Environ. Microbio., 60(11):4210-4212.
Nutri-Vet. 2009. Prebiotic: Fermacto® Behn Meyer Co. Ltd. Malaysia.
Perry JD, Davies A, Butterworth LA, Hopley ALJ, Nicholson A, Gould FK. 2004. Development and evaluation of a chromogenic agar medium for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J. Clin. Micro, 42(10): 4519-4523.
Waluyo L. 2008. Teknik dan metode dasar dalam mikrobiologi. UMM Press. Malang. Indonesia.
Xue, XM, Anderson AJ, Richardson NA, Anderson AJ, Xue GP, Mather PB. 1999. Characterisation of cellulase activity in the digestive system of the redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinarus). Aquaculture, 180:373386.