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Utilization of purslane Portulaca oleracea seed oil as a source of fatty acid essential of common carp Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 diet
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Abstract
This study attempts to evaluate the use of oils of purslane Portulaca oleracea as a source of an essential fatty in feed of common carp Cyprinus carpio to replace fish oil. The experiment used completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications, respectively. Feed treatment consists of fish oil, corn oil and coconut oil (P0), purslane seed oil and coconut oil (P1), corn oil and coconut oil (P2), and coconut oil (P3). Fishes with initial body weight 3.11±0.05 g reared in 50x40x35 cm3 aquariums with a density of 10 fish aquarium-1 during 60 days rearing periods. Results showed that diet P1 have different effects (p<0.05) which had the highest daily growth rate (3.5±0.1%), feed efficiency (71.7±4.9%), protein retention (22.1±1.9%) and lipid retention (81.4±4.5%). The survival rate, hepatosomatic index, cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein showed no difference (p>0.05). The fatty acid composition of the carps’s body on diet P1 was total of saturated fatty acid 21,4%, monounsaturated fatty acid 36,9%, n-3 fatty acids 10,4%, n-6 fatty acids 16,1% and ratio n-3/n6 is 0,6. Thus, it can be concluded that purslane seed oil can replace fish oil in carp.
Abstrak
Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pemanfaatan minyak biji krokot Portulaca oleracea sebagai sumber asam lemak esensial pada pakan ikan mas Cyprinus carpio untuk menggantikan minyak ikan. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak leng-kap, terdiri atas empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Pakan perlakuan terdiri atas minyak ikan, minyak jagung, dan minyak kelapa (P0), minyak biji krokot, dan minyak kelapa (P1), minyak jagung dan minyak kelapa (P2), dan minyak ke-lapa (P3). Ikan mas dengan bobot 3,11±0,05 g dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 50x40x35 cm3 dengan padat tebar 10 ekor akuarium-1 selama 60 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan P1 menghasilkan nilai laju pertumbuhan harian (3,5±0,1%), efisiensi pakan (71,7±4,9%), retensi protein (22,1±1,9%), dan retensi lemak (81,4±4,5%) tertinggi dan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (p<0,05). Parameter tingkat kelangsungan hidup, indeks hepatosomatik, koles-terol, trigliserida, high density lipoprotein, dan low density lipoprotein tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan (p>0,05). Komposisi asam lemak tubuh ikan mas pada perlakuan P1 yaitu total asam lemak jenuh sebesar 21,4%, asam lemak tak jenuh tunggal sebesar 36,9%, n-3 sebesar 10,4%, n-6 sebesar 16,1% dan rasio n-3/n-6 sebesar 0,6. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh disimpulkan bahwa minyak biji krokot dapat menggantikan minyak ikan pada pakan ikan mas
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