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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Pertumbuhan dan daya tahan tubuh juwana kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis) yang mendapatkan tambahan selenium dan terpapar cekaman lingkungan
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Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the level of sodium selenite (inorganic selenium) supplementation on growth and vitality of juvenile humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) exposed to environmental stress. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications. The treatment was Se (sodium selenite) supplementation at various levels i.e. 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg Se kg-1. The experimental juveniles humpback grouper having average initial length of 5,83+0,28 cm and body weight of 3,47+0,43 g were reared in 90 x 40 x 35 cm3 aquaria and fed artificial diet (pellet) two times daily (08.00 and 16.00) at satiation. The humpback grouper were reared for 42 days at the stocking density of 15 fishes per 100 L on sea water with salinity of 30-31 ppt and temperature of 28-29oC. At the end of the experiment, the experimental fishes were submerged in fresh water for 10 minutes to evaluate their responses to osmolarity stress. Result of this study showed that the survival rate, daily growth rate, feed intake, feed efficiency, protein retention, liver glycogen, muscle glycogen, and all parameters of blood profile were not affected by the Se supplementation. On the contrary, Se supplementation improved lipid retention, plasma GPx enzyme activity, RNA-DNA ratio, and T3-T4 ratio. The addition of sodium selenite at dose of 0,05 mg Se kg-1 increased growth performance and vitality of juvenile humpback grouper.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jumlah penambahan sodium selenite (selenium anorganik) dalam pakan yang mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan daya tahan tubuh juwana kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis) yang terpapar pada cekaman akibat perubahan kondisi lingkungan. Percobaan didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diujikan adalah penambahan selenium (Se) dalam bentuk sodium selenite (Se anorganik) pada berbagai dosis (0; 0,025; 0,05; 0,1; 0,2; dan 0,4 mg Se kg-1). Juwana kerapu bebek yang di-gunakan berukuran panjang awal rata-rata 5,83+0,28 cm dan bobot tubuh rata-rata 3,47+0,43 g dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 90 x 40 x 35 cm3 dan diberi pakan buatan berbentuk pellet frekuensi dua kali sehari (pukul 08.00 dan 16.00) at satiation. Ikan dipelihara selama 42 hari dengan padat penebaran 15 ekor per 100 liter air laut bersalinitas 30-31 ppt dan suhu 28-29 oC. Pada akhir pemeliharaan, ikan direndam di dalam air tawar selama 10 menit untuk mengetahui respons stres akibat perubahan osmolaritas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan harian, konsumsi pakan, efisiensi pakan, retensi protein, glikogen hati, glikogen otot, dan semua parameter gambaran darah tidak dipengaruhi oleh penambahan Se. Sebaliknya, penambahan Se meningkatkan retensi lemak, aktivitas enzim GPx plasma, rasio RNA-DNA, dan rasio T3-T4. Penambahan sodium selenite dosis 0,05 mg Se kg-1 mampu meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan daya tahan tubuh juwana kerapu bebek.
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